Furnace for heating and welding.



No. 874,561. I PATQENTBD DEC. 24, 19b7,,

w. N. BEST. v mamas FOR HEATING AND WELDING.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT.29,1904.

S k Z4 Z4 WILLIAM N. BEST, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN H.-BEST EZRA 'UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

BEST, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

FURNACE FOR HEATING AND WELDING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Dec. 24, 190%.

Application filed September 29. 1904. Serial No. 226,523-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, WILLIAM N. BEST, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Box-Furnace for Heating and lNelding, of which the following is a specification.

t is of the objects'of this invention to provide an improved furnace by means of which bar iron and similar material may be heated with minimum ex enditure of time and fuel; to so apply the mat to the material to be heated as to insure an improved distribution of heat around the object to be heated; and to provide for maximum ease,

convenience and comfort of the operators and attendants.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention Figure 1 is a plan at right angles to the top of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a vertlcal section on line w m in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end view .of the furnace at right angles to the plane of i said end. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 00 -90 in Fig. 1. v

1 designates the body of the furnace which is sup orted on suitable legs 2 preferably forme as angle irons which embrace the corners of the furnace body and are connected by frame bars 21. The furnace body 1 is preferably formed of masonry such as fire-brick, and has an interior chamber 3 which constitutes the heating chamber with an inlet passage in the form of a tunnel 4 leading to the lower part of said chamber and an outlet passage 5 leading therefrom; the inlet and outlet are superposed, and are separated by a horizontal partition and are both more contracted in cross-sectional area than the chamber itself and the inlet enters below the partition and outlet. The inlet tunnel 4 flares from its outer end to the heating chamber. 6 designates a slag-hole at the opposite end of said chamber 3 from said inlet and outlet. The legs 2' of the furnace which are at the inlet and outlet end are lon er than the ones at the other or rear end so that when the furnace is placed on a horizontal base the floor 7 'of the heating chain her 3 will ti-lt 'or incline rearwardly in such a manner that the slag will run down to the slag-hole 6.

The heatingchamber maybe covered over by removable slabs or bricks 9 made of refractory material such as fire-brick. The slabs may be slightly arched or fiat, as desired. One of these slabs has an opening 10 to permit exit of the gases from outlet passage 5, said slab covering also the outlet passage 5, except at said opening.

11 designates a plate or slab of refractory material forming a wall, arch or partition extending horizontally across the interior of the furn e, separating the inlet 4 from the outlet 5, 0 that the hot gases passing from the inlet are compelled to turn on themselves or take a backward course in passing from the inlet to the outlet, said gases passing from the inlet into the lower part of the heatin chamber and being then reflected by the end wall 12 of said chamber so as to pass first upwardly in the chamber and then backwardly and into the outlet 5.

The inlet passage 4 communicates with the heating chamber 3 at t-he lower portion ing slightly raised above the floor 0 said' chamber. The furnace body has an extension 14 through which the inlet passage 4 extends, said extension being supported from the furnace body by metal brackets or frame-work 15.

17 designates the oil burner which is located at the mouth of the inner passage 4 and is directed inwardly along said passage in a slightly downward direction. so as to cause the flame therefrom to: impin e on or approach the lower wall of the in ct passage 4, and the hot gases therefrom to approach the floor of the heating chamber 3.

An air blast pipe or nozzle 18 supplied with air pressure from any suitable source and controlled by a valve 19, extends inwardly along the inlet passage 4 to direct a blast or draft of air below the path of the flame from the burner, said burner being preferably of a type shown in prior patent No. 708,453, granted to me September 2nd, 1902, wherein a blast of steam or air is directed over an exposed. surface of oil in an open outlet to carry forward and atomize the oil by suctional and injection action.

The extension 14 may have an opening 20 in the top thereof communicating with the air inlet passage. 4 to furnish an' additional supply of air thereto to produce more perfect combustion. The air inlet passage constiutcs a combustion chamber wherein substantially complete combustion is effected before the hot gases reach the heating chamber. 7 Apertures 22 are formed in a side wall 23 of the heating chamber 3 between the partition 11 and the end wall of the chamber 3 to allow the bars 2-:t or objects to be heated to be passed or extended into the said chamber. The mar ins of said a ertures serve as means to hold t e bars or 0t er objects at the turning point of the gases in the chamber. An opening is desirably provided in the opposite wall to ermit sand to be sprinkled on the bars, sai opening being normally closed by a block or brick 26 of refractory material resting on a ledge 27.

The apertures 22 are-located substantially on a line with the partition 11, and constitute means wherebythe articles to be heated can be held at the point where the flames or heated gases begin to turn from their upward course in the combustion chamber to a practically horizontal course toward the outlet, at which point they are the hottest and have the least forward movement, but the greatest ebullition or intermixing movement.

This will cause the flames to envelop or sur round the articles and impart their heat thereto from all points in the most effective manner. The chamber is preferably considerably elongated, and the space between the rear end of the partition 11 and the rear wall of the chamber is sullicient for several apertures, and by arranging them in a straight line and substantially in the same plane with the partition, as shown. in Fig. 2, the articles form a baffle, as-it were, through which the hot flames are forced to find their way out of the furnace and thereby the most heat is imparted to the articles before the gases pass into the outlet 5.

28 designates a rail secured by straps 29 to the end walls of the furnace body and extendin around and parallel to one side wall thereof in position to support the bars to be heated, indicated at 24.

pipe 80 connected to any suitable air supply through a valve 31 is provided with apertures 32 whereby the air is directed upwardly in front of the openings 22 to protect the workmen from the heat of the furnace.

The furnace as above described is of a general box shape, and. may be built up of ma sonry supported by the frame-work 2, 21.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:'1he injector burner and blast pipe being set in operation the flame from the burner is directed inwardly and along the/inlet passage 4, the combustion being substan tially completed, as before stated, before the flame reached. the heating chamber 3. The bars or other objects to be heated are inserted through the openings and the heatmg gases passing from the inlet 4 rearwardly,

upwardly and then forwardly to the outlet,

passing around and between these bars to thoroughly and uniformly heat the same. The air blast from the pipe 18 passing beneath the flame conduces to complete combustion and also tends to concentrate the heat at the bottom of the combustion chamber. The air entering through the opening 20 further conduces to perfect combustion in supplying the full amount of oxygen that is necessary therefor.

The construction of the parts of the furnaceabove described may be modified without departing from my invention.-

By means of the opening 25 the attendant can apply sand or other material to the bars that are being held, thus to produce or pre vent desired or undesired chemical or caloric changes without interferingwi'th the operation of the heating of the iron bars or other objects to be heated.

By operating the burner 15 from the outer end of the tunnel 4 the gases are allowed to come to a high. state of combustion before entering the chamber 3 and they expand suddenly underneath the bars 24 inserted through the side openings 22, which are located below the floor of the outlet 5 and therefore said heated gases fill tho combustion chamber 3, entirely enveloping the inserted portions of the bars 24 and subjecting them to an intense, but not destructive heat for the reason that the oxygen has all been consumed. before reaching the bars to be heated, so that further oxidation and destructive action upon the bars is practically avoided.

What I claim is i 1. A furnace body provided with superposed inlet and outlet and a partition between them at one end and a combustion chamber at the other, one of the side walls of the body being provided with apertures above the combustion chamber and between it and the outlet and constituting means for holding articles to be heated at the top of the combustionchamber. 4

. 2. A furnace body provided with super posed inlet and outlet at one end and a combustion chamber at the other, and a horizon tally arranged partition between the inletand the outlet, one of the side walls of the body being provided with apertures between the partition and the rear wall above said. combustion chamber, said apertures consti tuting means for holding articles to be heated at the top of the combustion chamber.

3. An elongated furnace body provided with superposed inlet and outlet at one end and a combustion chamber at the other, and a fiat horizontal partition between the inlet and the outlet, one of the side walls of the body being provided with apertures between the partition and the rear wall above the combustion chamber and substantially in the same plane with the partition and contu'res constituting me ans eraser I stituting means for holding articles to be heated at the top of the combustion'ohamber.

, 4. A rearwardlyinclined elongated furnace body provided with a superposed inlet and outlet at the forward endand a combustion chamber at the rear end, the rear wall of the furnace being provided with a slag outlet and one of the side walls with apertures above the combustion chamber, said aperfor holding 1 articles to-be heated at the top of the combustion chamber below the level of the outlet.

5. A furnace body provided with an inlet and an outlet at one end and a combustion chamber at the other, the front wall of said body having a hollow extension forming a portion of the inlet, the top of said extension being provided with an opening, one of the side walls of the body being provided with apertures above the'eombustion chamber, the same being adapted to h'old the bars at the turn in the course to the heated gases, an air blast at the bottomof the inlet, and a burner adapted to project a flame intothe inlet between the opening in the top wall of the extension and the air blast at the bottom.

6. A furnace comprising a body having an inlet tunnel at its lower portion and an expaneled chamber into the lower portion of which said tunnel opens, an outlet chamber from the'upper portion of said expanded chamber, a lloor or partition between the inlet tunnel and the outlet, openings in. the

nel and below the level of the outlet for the purposeof holding bars to be heated, and an injector burner at the mouth of the inlettunnel.

7. A lurnaee comprising a body having an inlet tunnel at its lower portion and an ex-" walls of said body above the level the tunpended chamber into the lower portion of which said tunnel opens, an outlet chamber from the upper portion of said expanded l chamber, a floor or partition between the inlet tunnel and the l walls of said body above the level 0 the tunnel and below the level of the'outlet for the l purpose of holding bars to be heated, and an l air-pipe to inject air into said tunnel below l the level of said burner. ln testimony n-beredt', l have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles California this 17 day of September 1904. lVIlaLlAlll N.

l l l BlESl,

In presence of A. P. Kinder,

JULIA 'lOWNs'mNn outlet, openi in the 

